Last Updated on January 17, 2025 by studentabc.xyz

Acids Bases and Salts Class-10 Science

Important key points to remember for attempting the “OMR”.

A base with a pH greater than 7 is considered basic.
A pH of 1 indicates a very strong acid.
A pH of 13 indicates a very strong base.
Acetic acid (CH₃COOH) is found in vinegar.
Acids have a sour taste.
Acids are classified as strong or weak.
Acids are corrosive to metals.
Acids are present in various fruits.
Acids are proton donors.
Acids are used in food preservation.
Acids are used to make fertilizers.
Acids can conduct electricity in solution.
Acids can damage fabric.
Acids contain hydrogen ions (H⁺) in water.
Acids corrode active metals.
Acids have a pH below 7.
Acids neutralize bases to form salt and water.
Acids react with carbonates to produce CO₂.
Acids react with metals to release hydrogen gas.
Acids react with oxides of metals to form salts.
Acids turn blue litmus red.
Alkaline solutions are basic in nature.
Alkaline substances can harm plants.
Alkalis are water-soluble bases.
Ammonium chloride is an acidic salt.
Ammonium hydroxide is found in window cleaners.
Ammonium hydroxide is used in dyeing fabrics.
Ammonium hydroxide is used in household cleaners.
Ammonium sulfate is a fertilizer.
Amphoteric substances react with acids and bases.
Aqueous solutions of bases conduct electricity.

Baking soda releases CO₂ when heated.
Bases are commonly found in soaps and detergents.
Bases are less common in foods than acids.
Bases are proton acceptors.
Bases are used in cleaning agents.
Bases are used in ink production.
Bases are used in the manufacture of rayon.
Bases are used in the production of biodiesel.
Bases are used to neutralize acidic soils.
Bases are used to remove grease.
Bases can be hazardous if concentrated.
Bases can damage the skin and eyes.
Bases can neutralize acids in the stomach.
Bases do not change the color of phenolphthalein if weak.
Bases do not react with metals like acids.
Bases do not react with salts.
Bases feel slippery due to saponification.
Bases have a soapy texture.
Bases neutralize acids to form salts and water.
Bases react with oils to form soap.
Bases release OH⁻ ions in water.
Bases taste bitter and feel slippery.
Bases turn red litmus blue.
Boric acid is used in eye drops.

Calcium carbonate is used in construction.
Calcium chloride is used to melt ice.
Calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)₂) is also known as lime water.
Calcium hydroxide is also called slaked lime.
Calcium hydroxide is used in whitewashing.
Calcium phosphate is used in animal feed.
Calcium sulfate is used in plaster.
Carbonic acid forms in rainwater.
Carbonic acid is found in soft drinks.
Citric acid is present in citrus fruits.
Concentrated acids are hazardous.
Copper sulfate is blue in color.
Copper sulfate is used to test for water.

Dilute acids are less corrosive than concentrated ones.

Epsom salt is magnesium sulfate.
Epsom salts relieve muscle aches.

Formic acid is found in ant stings.

HCl in the stomach aids digestion.
Hydrochloric acid (HCl) is a strong acid.
Hydrochloric acid is a mineral acid.
Hydrochloric acid is used for cleaning tiles.
Hydrochloric acid is used in leather processing.
Hydrofluoric acid can etch glass.

Iron sulfate is used in fertilizers.
Lactic acid builds up in muscles after exercise.
Lactic acid is found in sour milk and yogurt.
Lemon juice contains about 5% citric acid.
Magnesium hydroxide is called milk of magnesia.
Magnesium hydroxide is used in antacids.
Magnesium sulfate is used in medicine.
Mineral acids are strong acids.
Most salts dissolve in water.
NaCl is common table salt.
Nitric acid (HNO₃) is used in fertilizers.
Nitric acid can cause yellow stains on skin.
Nitric acid is used in explosives.

Organic acids are usually weak.

Phosphoric acid is used in soft drinks.
Potassium chloride is used in fertilizers.
Potassium hydroxide (KOH) is used in soap making.
Potassium hydroxide is called caustic potash.
Potassium hydroxide is used in alkaline batteries.
Potassium nitrate is also called saltpeter.
Potassium nitrate is used in gunpowder.

Rock salt is mined from salt deposits.

Salts are electrolytes in water.
Salts are formed by acid-base reactions.
Salts are found in sea and rock deposits.
Salts are generally non-toxic.
Salts are odorless.
Salts are products of neutralization reactions.
Salts are solid at room temperature.
Salts are used in cleaning products.
Salts are used in food preservation.
Salts are used in the chemical industry.
Salts are used in water purification.
Salts are used to make soaps.
Salts are usually neutral.
Salts can absorb moisture from the air.
Salts can be acidic or basic.
Salts can be acidic, basic, or neutral.
Salts can be hygroscopic.
Salts can be natural or synthetic.
Salts can conduct electricity when molten.
Salts do not affect the pH of pure water.
Salts form crystalline structures.
Salts have a high melting point.
Salts have an ionic structure.
Salts have various industrial uses.
Silver nitrate is used in photography.
Sodium bicarbonate is a basic salt.
Sodium bicarbonate is a mild base.
Sodium carbonate is used in glass making.
Sodium carbonate is used in water softening.
Sodium chloride is essential for health.
Sodium hydroxide (NaOH) is a strong base.
Sodium hydroxide is also called caustic soda.
Sodium hydroxide is used in textile production.
Sodium hydroxide is used to make rayon.
Sodium sulfate is a neutral salt.
Sodium thiosulfate is used in photography.
Some acids are found in plants.
Strong acids ionize completely in water.
Strong bases are highly corrosive.
Strong bases dissociate completely in water.
Strong bases like NaOH can cause burns.
Sulfur dioxide forms sulfurous acid in water.
Sulfuric acid (H₂SO₄) is used in batteries.
Sulfuric acid is called the “king of chemicals.”
Sulfuric acid is highly corrosive.
Sulfuric acid is used in car batteries.

Table salt is made by evaporating seawater.
Tartaric acid is used in baking powder.

Weak acids only partially ionize in water.
Weak bases only partially dissociate.

OMR

Q:- Which of the following is a common characteristic of all acids ?
(a) They taste sweet
(b) They turn red litmus paper blue
(c) They produce H⁺ ions in water
(d) They are slippery to touch
Ans:- (c) They produce H⁺ ions in water

Q:- Which one of the following is a strong acid ?
(a) Hydrochloric acid (HCl)
(b) Acetic acid (CH₃COOH)
(c) Citric acid
(d) Carbonic acid (H₂CO₃)
Ans:- (a) Hydrochloric acid (HCl)

Q:- When a solution turns red litmus paper blue, it is:
(a) Neutral
(b) Acidic
(c) Basic
(d) Neither acidic nor basic
Ans:- (c) Basic

Q:- Which of the following is used to treat acidic soil ?
(a) Baking soda
(b) Quicklime
(c) Gypsum
(d) Vinegar
Ans:- (b) Quicklime

Q:- The pH of a neutral solution is –
(a) 0
(b) 7
(c) 10
(d) 14
Ans:- (b) 7